Flat spraying appliance



March 25, 1930. H. D. BINKS Filed Nov. 10, 1924 FLAT SPRAYING APPLIANCEPatented Mar. 25, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HFRRY D. IBINKS, OFOAK PARK, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR, ."BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO IBINKSMANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE vFLAT SI RAYING APPLIANCE Application filed November 10, 1924. Serial No.748,876.

distribution of the latter in a substantially fiat spray, suchuniformity being highly important. since a lack of itwastes material andalso causes unsightly irregularities in the resulting coated surface.

pose have been objectionable owing to the ready and frequent clogging ofthe ports by the drying of the'liquid material in the same, and owingalso to the large amount of time which has to be spent in cleaning partsof the spraying appliance to get rid of the dried or partially driedpaints or other liquids.

My present invention aims to provide a liquid spraying appliance, ormore particularly ahead construction for such an appliance, which willeffectively overcome both of the above named objections. With this inmind, my invention provides a spraying appliance having a head ofexceedingly simple construction and provides this head with air portsdisposed for effecting an unusually fine and evenly distributedatomization of the liquid while also securing an unusual flattening ofthe resulting spray. Furthermore, my invention provides constructionsfor this purpose which will be operative without requiring ports of suchextremely small size as to clog readily, it being well known that thesmall bores heretofore employed in nozzle heads for such ports not onlyclog very easily, but are diflicult to drill with the desired exactnessof direction, and also are difficult to clean.

More particularly, my invention provides a nozzle head construction forthis purpose in which the flattening effect is secured by directing oneor more pairs of air jets obliquely forward against the projected streamof liquid in planes at right angles to the plane along which the sprayis to be flattened. It

F urthermore, the 15 appliances heretofore devised for this puralsoprovides a spray head for this purpose in which the ports can readily beconstructed by milling notches in the edge of. one of the.

parts, thereby making these ports very easy specification and from theaccompanying I,

drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a central and longitudinal section throughthe forward portion of a spraying appliance embodying my invention,namely one of the general type known in the trade as spray guns. v

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the rotatable air port member.

Fig; 3 is a transverse section, taken along the line 33 of Fig. 1 toshow the disposition of the air passages in the collar of the spray headwith respect to the ports in the rotatable member shown in Fig.

Fig. 41 is a front view of the head of another spray appliance embodyingmy invention, namely one provided with two pairs of parallel air portsformed by slots cut in projections on the rotatable member.

Fi 5 is a similar view showing another embo iment, namely one in whichtwo pairs of parallel bores are employed in place of the slots shown inthe embodiment of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 shdws the direction of the air jets by the embodiment: of Fig. 4with respect to the liquid stream and with respect to the plane alongwhich the spray is to be flattened.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged elevation of theliquid stream projected by anappliance of my invention, with dotted lines indicating the tube of airwhich initially sheathes this liquid and with digitally manipulated lugsspaced from these slots.

Illustrative of my invention as embodied in a so-called' spray gun, Fig.1 shows the forward portion of such an appliance, in which the bodymember 1 has a longitudinal bore 2 leading to an extension bore 3 in anozzle core 7 which has an outlet 4 of relatively small diameter. Thisoutlet is controlled by a needle valve 5, thereby regulating the flow ofthe paint or other liquid supplied under pressure to the bore 2 from aliquid inlet 26.

The forward end of the nozzle core 7 projects intothe central bore of anair-port member 10 which is held in position by a retaining collar 6threaded'on the forward end of the body 1, the said central bore of themember 10 being sufficiently larger than the forward end of the nozzlecore 7 so as to afford an annular outlet 8 (concentric with the liquidoutlet 4) forthe projection of air supplied through a bore 9 to theannular space between the exterior of the nozzle core 7 and the(desirably tapering) central bore ofthe air-port member 10. This memberdesirably has an exterior taper corresponding to that of an inwardlyturned flange 11 on the collar 6 and is continuously forced into tightfitting relation to that collar by spring-pressed plungers 12, therebyleaving a space 13 behind the air-port member 10 for the distributionofcompressed air from the air passage 9 to the aforesaid space and tochannels in the interior of the collar 6.

To effect a flattening and spraying of the liquid stream projectedthrough the liquid outlet 4, I provide the member 10 with one or morepairs of diametrically opposite air ports which may either be sawed,milled or drilled in the said member. These ports are all disposed forprojecting jets of air at an incline against the stream of liquidprojected through the liquid outlet 4 and along Y provide the collarright angles to each other,

planes at right angles to the plane in which is to be flattened. Then I6 upon its interior. with channels which permit air to pass from thespace 13 behind the member 10 to the outer or inlet ends of the saidports. These passages are desirably provided in the form of tWo pairs(numbered in Fig.- 3 as 14 and 26) respectively disposed along diametersat so that the plane of the flattening can readily be shifted from theresulting spray a horizontal to a vertical plane or vice versa py merelyrotating the member 10 a quarter urn. k

While the lateral air ports in the member 10 may be constructed in avariety of ways, I preferably form these by slotting the member 10 atits forward edge, and I desirably locate these slots in forwardlydirected projections 15 formed on this member so as to afford ports of aconsiderable length, thereby insuring an accurate directing of theissuing a1r ets. Thus, Fig. 2 shows a simple form of this air-portmember 10 in which the lateral an ports comprise a single pair of slots16 diametrically opposite each other and eachformed in a forwardprojection 15 on the said member. Each of the slots as thus provideddesirably has an inclined inner wall, and these inner walls are disposedat equal angles with respect to the axis of the member so as to astraight line passing through the axis 0f be 1n planes wlnch Wlllintersect each other on the said member, namely the line 17 of Fig. 6, i

- To prevent this liquid stream from spreading before the said air jetsreach it, I employ the above described construction including theannular air outlet 8, thereby projecting through this outlet a tubularjet of air which forms a sheath 25 housing the cylindrical stream 19 ofliquid. This tubular air sheath is desirably projected at considerablyhigher velocity than the liquid stream, thereby effectively preventingany material change in the size of this stream until the stream isreached by converging air jets from the lat- Moreover, I desirably makeeral air ports. the ports 16 of such a width that the air jets issuingthrough them will be substantially as wide as the diameter of the liquidstream 19 when it impinges on this stream, as shown for example by therectangular section 20 of such an air jet in Fig; 8. j

However, the lateral air ports as thus employed need not consist of asingle pair, as I may employ two pairs of parallel ports for thispurpose, such as those formed by the relatively narrow slots 20 and 21in Fig. 4. Or, I may provide an equivalent for such'parallel pairs ofslots for employing parallel bores 23 as shown inFig. 5. In either ofthese last two mentioned cases, the ports formed in each 7 side of theair-port member are preferably so close to each otherand .o'f such'widththat alongside each other against the liquid stream 19 and will coverthe'entire Width of the latter, as shown forexample in Fig. 7. This samerelation is also shown diagrammatically in Fig. 7 for the parallelslotted air ports of Fig. 4, it being evident-from this diagram of Fig.6 that the jets from the two ports 20 are directed obliquely againsteach other and against a common portion of the liquid stream and thatthe same relation holds true of the two air jets issuing throu h theports 21. In

the latter case each of t ese, pairs of'ports has its axial planeparallel to a line 24 passing through the axis of the liquid stream, butthe said planes are spaced sllghtly from the axis 18 of the stream andare at opposite sides of the latter, it being noted also that the line24 is atright angles to a line 17 in the plane along which the spray isto be flattened.

Since the o positely disposed ports of each pair tend to atten thestream from opposite sides of the plane in which the line 17 isdisposed, I secure an efl'eeive flattening along that plane. At the sametime, the impinging of the lateral and oblique jets agalnst the tubularair sheath 25 causes a dissemination of this air sheath and tends toflatten it along opposite sides of the flattened liquid stream. Thisapparently aids both in'securing an exceedingly fine atomization of theliquid and also in producing an unusual flattening of the latter, sothat I amable to secure a spray of such a flat and fan-shaped form as tobe highly effective for'seeuring a uniform distribution of the liquidover the surface which is to be coated. v

However, While I have herewith illustrated and described my invention inembodiments including certain highly desirable features of constructionand arrangement, I do not wish to be limited to these since manymodifications might obviously be made without departing either from thespirit of my invention or from the appended claims. Nor do I Wish to belimited to a particular construction of the air ports in .thecorresponding member, although I preferably employ slots for thesepurposes, since such slots can readily be sawed quite accurately andalso make it very easy to remove any material gathering in them.

For example, the slots, need not extend through the projections whichserve as handles for rotating the air port member from one position toanother, butmight be spaced from these slots, asshown in Fig. 9. In thatmounted for rotational adjustment about the 'axis of the said stream andhaving at the radially outer edge of its forward end a pair ofdiametrically opposite notches having flat sides parallel to the axis ofthe stream, the said flat sides of each notch alining respectively withthose of the opposite notch.

2. In a spraying appliance,'means includmg a tubular outlet forprojecting a concentrated stream of liquid, an annular air-port memberconcentric'with the said outlet and having at the radially. outer edgesof its forward end a pair of diametrically opposite notches, meanslaterally confining the said member to afiord outer walls for thenotches, and means for projecting air through the notchles. fl

3. n. a at-spray producin a liance, a body member provided with liqfliflsupply and a1r supply passages, a sleeve mounted on one end of the bodymember; a ported member secured to the body member by the sleeve, theported member having an axial' opening and having apair of projectionsdis- .posed at opposite sides of the axis of thesaid member andprojecting forwardly beyond the sleeve, each projection having a slot atits'radially outer edge for communicating with the air supply passage,the said rojections serving also as handles where y the ported membercan be rotated to the body member.

4. In a flat spray appliance, a frontal noz-. zle member having acentral air outlet and havlng two diametrically opposed forwardlydirected projections, each projection having a supplemental air outletopen forwardly and presenting its radially inner end forwardly of theforward end of thesaid central out-' let, the said supplemental airoutlets comprising a flat sided slot formed in each projection with eachside thereof parallel to the axis of the central air outlet and parallelto the other side.

5. A spray appliancev as per claim 4, in which the said parallel slotsides are disposed at opposite sides of and equidistant from the saidaxis.

Signed at Chicago, Illinois, November 3,

HARRY 1). BINKS.

case, the a1r-port member 10A has the digitally manipulable lugs 31spaced from the slots 32, these slots being entirely in the main bodyportion.

I claim as my invention 2-. 1. In a flat-spray producing ap liance,

means for projecting a forwardly 'rected stream of llquid, and anair-portmember' with respect 7 IOU

